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Part 1 : Quantitative Questions

Problem Solving

Solve the problem and indicate the best of the answer choices given.

Numbers:

All numbers used are real numbers.

Figures:

All figures accompanying problem solving questions are intended to provide information useful in solving the problems. Figures are drawn as accurately as possible. Exceptions will be clearly noted. Lines shown as straight are straight, and lines that appear jagged are also straight. The positions of points, angles, regions, etc., exist in the order shown, and angle measures are greater than zero. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.

Question 1)

A) 5(4.00) + 15.90

B) 5(4.00) + 15.95

C) 5(4.00) + 16.00

D) 5(4.00-0.01) + 15.90

E) 5(4.00-0.05) + 15.95

Question 2)

A) 150

B) 175

C) 200

D) 225

E) 300

Question 3)

A) 12

B) 16

C) 20

D) 24

E) 28

Question 4)

A) 9/50

B) 7/25

C) 7/20

D) 21/50

E) 27/50

Question 5)

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 6

E) 9

Question 6)

A) 15

B) 20

C) 30

D) 40

E) 45

Question 7)

A) 1/720

B) 1/80

C) 1/10

D) 1/9

E) 1/5

Question 8)

A) 1/4

B) 1/2

C) 2/3

D) 2

E) 4

Question 9)

A) The mean only

B) The median only

C) The standard deviation only

D) The mean and the median

E) The mean and the median deviation

Question 10)

A) 45

B) 90

C) 180

D) 270

E) 360

Part 2 : Verbal Questions

Reading Comprehension

Each of the reading comprehension questions is based on the content of a passage. After reading the
passage, answer all questions pertaining to it on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. For
each question, select the best answer of the choices given.

Please read the following text :

1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the sentence in lines 10–15 ?

(A) To show that economic signaling theory fails to explain a finding

(B) To introduce a distinction not accounted for by economic signaling theory

(D) To explain why Marquardt and McGann’s research was conducted

(E) To offer an explanation for an observation reported by Marquardt and McGann

2. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) present ﬁndings that contradict one explanation for the effects of a particular advertising practice

(B) argue that theoretical explanations about the effects of a particular advertising practice are of limited value without empirical evidence

(D) contrast the research methods used in two different studies of a particular advertising practice

(E) explain why a ﬁnding about consumer responses to a particular advertising practice was unexpected

3. Kirmani’s research, as described in the passage, suggests which of the following regarding consumers’ expectations about the quality of advertised products?

(A) Those expectations are likely to be highest if a manufacturer runs both black-and-white and color advertisements for the same product.

(B) Those expectations can be shaped by the presence of color in an advertisement as well as by the frequency with which an advertisement appears.

(C) Those expectations are usually high for frequently advertised new brands but not for frequently advertised familiar brands.

(D) Those expectations are likely to be higher for products whose black-and-white advertisements are often repeated than for those whose color advertisements are less often repeated.

(E) Those expectations are less deﬁnitively shaped by the manufacturer’s advertisements than by information that consumers gather from other sources.

4. Kirmani’s third study, as described in the passage, suggests which of the following conclusions about a black-and-white advertisement?

(A) It can be repeated more frequently than a comparable color advertisement could before consumers begin to suspect low manufacturer conﬁdence in the quality of the advertised product.

(B) It will have the greatest impact on consumers’ perceptions of the quality of the advertised product if it appears during periods when a color version of the same advertisement is also being used.

(C) It will attract more attention from readers of the print publication in which it appears if it is used only a few times.

(D) It may be perceived by some consumers as more expensive than a comparable color advertisement.

(E) It is likely to be perceived by consumers as a sign of higher manufacturer conﬁdence in the quality of the advertised product than a comparable color advertisement would be.

5. The passage suggests that Kirmani would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about consumers’ perceptions of the relationship between the frequency with which a product is advertised and the product’s quality?

(A) Consumers’ perceptions about the frequency with which an advertisement appears are their primary consideration when evaluating an advertisement’s claims about product quality.

(B) Because most consumers do not notice the frequency of advertisement, it has little impact on most consumers’ expectations regarding product quality.

(C) Consumers perceive frequency of advertisement as a signal about product quality only when the advertisement is for a product that is newly on the market.

(D) The frequency of advertisement is not always perceived by consumers to indicate that manufacturers are highly conﬁdent about their products’ quality.

(E) Consumers who try a new product that has been frequently advertised are likely to perceive the advertisement’s frequency as having been an accurate indicator of the product’s quality.

Critical Reasoning

Each of the critical reasoning questions is based on a short argument, a set of statements, or a plan of action. For each question, select the best answer of the choices given.

1. Vasquez-Morrell Assurance specializes in insuring manufacturers. Whenever a policyholder makes a claim, a claims adjuster determines the amount that Vasquez-Morrell is obligated to pay. Vasquez-Morrell is cutting its staff of claims adjusters by 15 percent. To ensure that the company’s ability to handle claims promptly is affected as little as possible by the staff cuts, consultants recommend that Vasquez-Morrell lay off those adjusters who now take longest, on average, to complete work on claims assigned to them.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the consultants' criterion for selecting the staff to be laid off?

(A) If the time that Vasquez-Morrell takes to settle claims increases signiﬁcantly, it could lose business to other nsurers.

(B) Supervisors at Vasquez-Morrell tend to assign the most complex claims to the most capable adjusters.

(C) At Vasquez-Morrell, no insurance payments are made until a claims adjuster has reached a ﬁnal determination on the claim.

(D) There are no positions at Vasquez-Morrell to which staff currently employed as claims adjusters could be reassigned.

(E) The premiums that Vasquez-Morrell currently charges are no higher than those charged for similar coverage by competitors.

2. Prolonged spells of hot, dry weather at the end of the grape-growing season typically reduce a vineyard’s yield, because the grapes stay relatively small. In years with such weather, wine producers can make only a relatively small quantity of wine from a given area of vineyards. Nonetheless, in regions where wine producers generally grow their own grapes, analysts typically expect a long, hot, dry spell late in the growing season to result in increased revenues for local wine producers.

Which of the following, if true, does most to justify the analysts’ expectation?

(A) The lower a vineyard’s yield, the less labor is required to harvest the grapes.

(B) Long, hot, dry spells at the beginning of the grape-growing season are rare, but they can have a devastating effect on a vineyard’s yield.

(D) When hot, dry spells are followed by heavy rains, the rains frequently destroy grape crops.

(E) Grapes that have matured in hot, dry weather make signiﬁcantly better wine than ordinary grapes.

3. In the past, most children who went sledding in the winter snow in Verland used wooden sleds with runners and steering bars. Ten years ago, smooth plastic sleds became popular; they go faster than wooden sleds but are harder to steer and slow. The concern that plastic sleds are more dangerous is clearly borne out by the fact that the number of children injured while sledding was much higher last winter than it was 10 years ago.

Which of the following, if true in Verland, most seriously undermines the force of the evidence cited?

(A) A few children still use traditional wooden sleds.

(B) Very few children wear any kind of protective gear, such as helmets, while sledding.

(D) Most sledding injuries occur when a sled collides with a tree, a rock, or another sled.

(E) Because the traditional wooden sleds can carry more than one rider, an accident involving a wooden sled can result in several children being injured.

4. Metal rings recently excavated from seventh-century settlements in the western part of Mexico were made using the same metallurgical techniques as those used by Ecuadorian artisans before and during that period. These techniques are sufﬁciently complex to make their independent development in both areas unlikely. Since the people of these two areas were in cultural contact, archaeologists hypothesize that the metallurgical techniques used to make the rings found in Mexico were learned by Mexican artisans from Ecuadorian counterparts.

Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the archeologists' hypothesis?

(A) Whether metal objects were traded from Ecuador to western Mexico during the seventh century

(B) Whether travel between western Mexico and Ecuador in the seventh century would have been primarily by land or by sea

(C) Whether artisans from western Mexico could have learned complex metallurgical techniques from their Ecuadorian counterparts without actually leaving western Mexico

(D) Whether metal tools were used in the seventh- century settlements in western Mexico

(E) Whether any of the techniques used in the manufacture of the metal rings found in western Mexico are still practiced among artisans in Ecuador today

5. Following several years of declining advertising sales, the Greenville Times reorganized its advertising sales force. Before reorganization, the sales force was organized geographically, with some sales representatives concentrating on city-center businesses and others concentrating on different outlying regions. The reorganization attempted to increase the sales representatives’ knowledge of clients’ businesses by having each sales representative deal with only one type of industry or of retailing. After the reorganization, revenue from advertising sales increased.

In assessing whether the improvement in advertising sales can properly be attributed to the reorganization, it would be most helpful to find out which of the following?

(A) What proportion of the total revenue of the Greenville Times is generated by advertising sales?

(B) Has the circulation of the Greenville Times increased substantially in the last two years?

(C) Among all the types of industry and retailing that use the Greenville Times as an advertising vehicle, which type accounts for the largest proportion of the newspaper’s advertising sales?

(D) Do any clients of the sales representatives of the Greenville Times have a standing order with the Times for a ﬁxed amount of advertising per month?

(E) Among the advertisers in the Greenville Times, are there more types of retail business or more types of industrial business?